Atomic Spies

Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were executed in June 1953 for passing atomic secrets to the Soviet Union—the only American civilians put to death for espionage during the Cold War.

Ethel and Julius Rosenberg stand for mug shots in 1950

Here are a few lesser-known details from the case that divided the country:

• The most damaging testimony against Ethel came from her own brother, David Greenglass. He said she typed notes on stolen atomic secrets. Decades later, he admitted he lied to protect his wife.

• As the couple awaited execution at Sing Sing, their young sons visited them. The boys long defended both parents but now acknowledge that Julius was a Soviet spy. They still seek to clear Ethel.

• In the final days, prosecutors pressed Julius to confess and name other spies. He refused. Ethel stood with him.

• Julius died quickly. Ethel did not. After multiple shocks, witnesses reported smoke rising from her head before she was pronounced dead.